Legends say that for more than 3,000 years, India was the only source of diamonds until the deposits of these gems were discovered in South Africa and Brazil. Ironically, India is now importing rough diamonds from diamond-producing countries and diamond mining companies, despite being the world's largest diamond producer. Diamond mining in the country is currently almost non-existent, although their deposits are available - for example, the Bunder project, launched by the multinational mining company Rio Tinto, which is currently suspended. Private diamond miners, such as Vajra Diamonds and several others, are working hard to mine diamonds in areas of India where their deposits are located.

The mines of Panna are located within the Panna area of Madhya Pradesh in the north of India. Diamond mines in the Panna area are managed by the Diamond Mining Project of the National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC Ltd), an enterprise owned by the Government of India. NMDC is the only diamond producer in the country owned by the Government of India, at the Majhgawan mine in the Panna area, Madhya Pradesh. But for various reasons, work on mining in the Panna area has recently been suspended.

Panna's group, as it is known locally, consists of a large group of diamond deposits, stretching about 240 km to the northeast on the spurs of the Windhis mountains. They cover an area of about 20 acres (81,000 m2). Large quarries with a diameter of 7.6 m and, probably, 9.1 m deep were dug in order to reach the diamond conglomerate.

Previously conducted exploration work in the Panna area, according to reports, did not show the presence of deposits containing high-quality diamonds. The most productive deposits were in the 1860s, and they were discovered in the town of Sakaria about 32 km from the Panna area. Diamonds Pannas are classified into 4 varieties: Motichul (Motichul) - transparent and sparkling; Manik - with a weak orange tint; Panna - with a greenish tinge; And Bunsput - a brownish hue. It is rumored that in other fields the state agency leases land annually to promising diamond miners. All mined diamonds enter the district magistrate of the Panna district and are then auctioned. There are huge amounts of diamonds of different weight and hue, and auctions are open to people with a deposit of about US $ 100.

The trip to Panna will lead to those parts of the city that are rich in diamond sites. These deposits are found on a section of the 80-kilometer strip, starting from the northeastern part of the town of Paharikhera to the south-western part of the town of Majhgavan, extending for a width of about 30 km. Similarly to the Australian method, here diamonds are also in the tube, folded olivine lamproites. There can be different kinds of diamonds, from 13 carats to 6 carats per thousand hectares. Currently, the zone where diamonds are mined is under government control and is carefully guarded.

Panna's mines in Majhgavan are the largest mechanized diamond mines in Asia, and their diamonds are second only to diamonds mined in South African mines. NMDC, the only organized diamond producer in the country, began its mining operations at Panna's diamond mines in 1968, and since then it has extracted a large number of diamonds from its quarries. But in 2011, the NMDC corporation, a state-run mining giant, grew rich by mining a 37.68-carat diamond from the ground, which was the largest (a white octagonal-quality white diamond) made of precious stones that had ever been mined on diamond Mines in the Panna area. Before that, a large diamond from the mines of Panna was obtained in June 2010, when a 34.37-carat diamond was discovered.

Mining, closed in the Panna area in 2005 due to a lack of permission for deforestation and permits from the neighboring Panna National Park, was resumed in August 2009 after obtaining a conditional authorization from the Supreme Court. It so coincided that Panna Park is also the habitat of tigers; It is estimated that the diamond reserves in the mines of Panna are 1.2 million carats.

In October 2014, the environmental impact monitoring team required NMDC to close the diamond mines in Panna by 2016 to save the tigers. But the management proved that these claims were untenable, saying that the tigers actually left the Panna area when the mining developments were closed and they charged that the actions were being carried out with intent in the personal interest.

Between August 2005 and June 2009, NMDC mines were closed around the Pannah Tiger Reserve. Officials from the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) said that the reserve recorded a "zero" number of tigers in 2009, when no mining was conducted. Now Panna is home to 25 tigers after a successful resettlement program. "How can someone think that diamond mines are disturbing tigers when big cats disappeared only after the closure of our mines," said an official representative of NMDC. The corporation is going to file a petition to review the decision on the closure.

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